hodg-kinson



(No Model.) 2. sheets-sheet 1.

J. HODGKINSONX: J. H. DEWHURST.

GAS ENGINE.

No. 347,603. Patented Aug. 17, 188,6.

M H M (N0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. HODGKINSON a. J. H. DEWHURST.'

' GAS ENGINE.

N0. 347,603.v A Patented Aug. 1'7, 1886.

Wmaselsz Inz/e; 719,

' iran TATES .PATENT OFFICE.

`JAMES HODGKINSON AND JOHN H-ENRLT DEWTHURST, OF MANCHESTER,

' COUNTY OF 'LANCASTER ENGLAI).

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming 'part of Letters Patent N o. 347,603, dated,August 17, 1886.

Application tiled May 19, 1886. Serial No. l0-2.670. (No model.)Patented in England March 25. ISS-i, No. SAI-l.

Britain No. 5,412, March 251884,) of which the following is aspecification.

Figure -1 is a sectional elevation of our iinproved gas-engine. Fig. 2is apart side and sectional elevation of same; Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,9, and 10, enlarged detail views of certain `parts; Figs. 11 and 12,modified'forms of cylinder; Figs. 13 and 14, modified form of hollow.journal; Figs.. 15 and 16, still :mother modification of der.

A is the oscillating cylinder; B, the pistou; C, the piston-rod; D, thecrank; E, the iiywheel; F, the frame or-stand, and G the bottom orfoundation plate. A'

'.lhe oscillating cylinder A is provided with the loose bottom H, onthe'under side of which is formed the semicircular recess.- bored to itand swivel on the ,iixed circular hollow bearing or journal'I, beingsecured by the loose semicircular cap or cover S and the b olts T. Theinside of the lbearing or journal I is constructed so as toform themixing andadmislsionchamber J and the exhaust-chamber K, v,each'beiugdivided by the partition L.

In the foundation plate G is fixed the inlet air-valve M, over which isiixedthe bottom end ot' the mixing or admission chamber J. 'In the upperend of the latter is iixed the -gasvalve N. Then the engine is set inmotion, atmospheric air is drawn through the valve M and combustible gasthrough the valve'N into the mixing-chamber J, from whence thelexplosive mixture 'passes througitlieport U" in the journal I and theport I in the cylinder, the ports being full open when the crank is onthe bottom center, as in Fig. 3. The admission-port' P is fitted withthe wing or hinged valve It which automatically closes- ,when thepressure in the cylinder exceedsl Athe external or the'pressure in themixingchamber J. As the crank advances the cyljournal and bottom ofcylin` inder A voscillates and closes the admission.- port O in thefixed journal I before or otherwise the charge in the cylinder isignited and pressure generated, as ingFig. 1, iherebyprcventing theescape oi the gas and air or explosive mixture from the cylinderinto'the admissionbr mixing chamber.

On the side of the cylinder is `provided the seating VV,to which isfixed the metallic valve opening V, placed ata suitable lieighttroin theI X,mountedloosely ontheset-screwY. Y(Shown more clearlyin Fig.4.`) Whenthe piston has traveled up to and past this opening-or otherwise, as inFig. 2, the flame from thcfgasjet Z is drawn into the cylinder andignits the charge therein, thus creatng'the necessary pressure to forcethe piston to the end of its forward `stroke and close the valve X. Thegas-jet Z is mounted on a swivel at the bottom end, so as to allow ofits oscillating with the cylinder, being heldjn positionby The enginebeing single-acting,

the stay 3. the piston B is carried over the top center and through theremaining part ofthe revolution by the momentum ofthe ily-wheel E, fixedon the crank-shaft, the exhaust being discharged during thereturn-stroke 0f the piston through the ports 2, which are disposed inthe cylinderbottom H and the fixed journal I, so that the exhaust -islreleased when on the top ccn` ter or immediately before, as in Fig. 5,which, by the oscillation or movement/of 'the cylinder, 'gradually opens`until full open at halfstroke,as in Fig. 6, after which point theyagain gradnallyelose, this being effectedn'hen thewcrank is directlyopposite the point at which they opened.

Fig. 7 is a plan of the journal I,'showing the admission-port O and theexhaust-port 2. Fig. 8 is a plan through lineABin Fig. 1, showing thevalve R over the admission-port P and the exhaust-port 2 in the cylinderbottom. Fig. 13 is another modication of the hollow bearing or journalI. Fig. Y14 is aseo'- tional elevation of journal I, attached to theloose `bottom I-I of the cylinder by the semicircular cap or 'cover S.Fig. l5 is a sectional elevation of hollow journal I. loose bottom II,

and air-ports; and Fig. -16 is a side elevation of Fig. 15.

The inlet for gas is by the orifice J and V openings or ports O.. Theports I in the the port 2 into the chamber K.

As the combustion of the gases in the'inte rior of the cylinder createsa great amount of heat, it is necessary to cool the same, which iselfeeted by providing the water-jackets JC, as shown in Figs. l, 2, 8,4, 5,6, S,- and 9, Fig. 9 being a plan of the cylinder and jacket withthe cylinder-cover removed, of which Fig. 10 is a plan of the cover. Invery small engines made on this principle I may dispense 'with thewater-'jacket 4 and substitute the radiating surfaces or wings 6 ou theexterior of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 11, of which Fig. 12 is aplan through line C' D', so as to augment outer atmosphere. 1

For the purpose of regulation of speed the engineis provided with thegovernor L'Qdriven from the crank-shaft, and coupled by the adjustablerod -7 to the gas-valve N, which operates as-i'ollows: Suppose a portionof the load is thrown oit". The tendency of the engine is to increasespeed with the result of operating the governor and closingihethoronghfare inthe gas-valve N, so as tao-diminish the quantity ofgas, consequently reduced power from the explosion through too great apropel uion of Vatmospheric air being admitted into the mixing-chamber,and vice versa in ease the load is increased.

Gasfenginesconstructed according to my invention, although not shownonthe drawings, can be coupled with two or more cylinders, as

desired.

The exhaust is discharged 'and ports O and and mixing chamber and Havingthus described'our invention, what we claim as new, and desireto secureby Let- 1. The hollow journalI, formed with the mixing and exhaustchambers andports O andv 2, in combination with the gascylinder mountied and oscillating upon said journal and controlling said ports,substantially as described.

2. In a gas-engine, the journal I, formed with ports for the passage of.gas, in combina.- tion with the oscillating cylinder having a port withwhich the port in the cylinder communi cates for the passage of the gas,said ports being controlled by the'oscillation ofthe cylinder to closethe ports before ignition of the gases in the cylinder, substantially asdescribed. i

3. In a gasengine, the hollow journal I, formed with the mixing andexhaust chambers 2, the oscillating cylinder mounted on said journal andprovided with ports communicating with its ports, and the valve R to oneof the porisin the cylinder to close the port when the internal pressureexceeds the external, substantially as described.

4. lThe combination of hollow. journal I, divided by partition L,

'exhaust-chamber,

ports O and 2, and inlets M and N, oscillating cylinder A.,provided withpiston Rand formed with ports communicating with the mixing and exhaustchambers, opening V inthe cyl-- inder, provided with valve X, and thegas-jet Z; substantially as and. i'ortlii'e'V 'purlioses -set forth.

5. The combination, with um honowjoumfu- I, formed with the mixing andexhaust chambers and ports, of oscillating cylinder A, formed with portscommunicating withlthose of the journal, the gas-valve N, cranks D,governor L, and rod 7, connecting the governor and valve N,substantially as described.

In witness 'whereof we, the lsaid JAMES vHoncunvsou 'and Jol-IN HENRYDnwHURs'r,

to form the admission have hereunto set ounhands and seals this 20th dayof April, A. D. 1886.-

JA'MES uoiicmrsor. JOHN IlllNRY DEWHURST. Witnesses:

E. GHAnwrox, v SAML., HoDGKrNsoN.

